TURKEY:
Conscientious objector Mehmet Tarhan sentenced to 25 months imprisonment
War Resisters' International, London, 17 October
2006
On 10 October 2006, the military court
of Sivas finally ruled in the case of Turkish conscientious objector
Mehmet Tarhan
(TK14724), who had been unexpectedly released from prison on
9 March 2006,
following an order of the Military
Court of Appeal in Ankara. Back then the court in Ankara had to deal
with appeals against the decision of the Sivas Military Court from 15
December 2005 (see
co-alert, 15
December 2005), brought to the Appeal Court by the prosecutor and by
Mehmet Tarhan. The court gave as reason that, in case Mehmet Tarhan
would be finally sentenced, the sentence would unlikely be higher than
what he had already served. The decision was a surprise, because
normally the Court of Appeal does not have the power to order the
release of a prisoner - it can only refer the case back to the military
court, and judge on the validity of a ruling by a military court.
On 10 October, the Sivas Military Court finally ruled on the case.
Mehmet Tarhan himself was not present at court, but was represented by
his lawyer Suna Coskun.
Mehmet Tarhan was sentenced to 10 months imprisonment for "insistent
insubordination in front of his unit" on 10 April 2005, and to 1 year
and 6 months for a further act of disobedience on 10 June 2005 -
according to Turkish rules about combining sentences, this gives a total
of 25 months in prison.
The fact that Mehmet Tarhan was sentenced for two different charges of
disobedience constitutes a violation of the international legal standard
of "double jeopardy": Tarhan has been sentenced twice for what has to be
considered as the same offence.
In 1999, the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention gave an
opinion in the case of Turkish conscientious objector Osman Murat Ülke (OPINION
No. 36/1999 (TURKEY)): "The Working Group is of the opinion that
there is, since, after the initial conviction, the person exhibits, for
reasons of conscience, a constant resolve not to obey the subsequent
summons, so that there is "one and the same action entailing the same
consequences and, therefore, the offence is the same and not a new one"
(see Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic, 18
September 1999, No. 2, No. 130/95). Systematically to interpret such a
refusal as being perhaps provisional (selective) would, in a country
where the rule of law prevails, be tantamount to compelling someone to
change his mind for fear of being deprived of his liberty if not for
life, at least until the date at which citizens cease to be liable to
military service."
The recent decision of the Sivas Military Court also ignores the
decision of the European Court of Human Rights in January, also in the
case of Osman Murat Ülke, and demands from the European Union and the
Turkish public to recognise the right to conscientious objection. The
ECHR decided: "The numerous criminal prosecutions against the
applicant, the cumulative effects of the criminal convictions which
resulted from them and the constant alternation between prosecutions and
terms of imprisonment, together with the possibility that he would be
liable to prosecution for the rest of his life, had been
disproportionate to the aim of ensuring that he did his military
service. They were more calculated to repressing the applicant’s
intellectual personality, inspiring in him feelings of fear, anguish and
vulnerability capable of humiliating and debasing him and breaking his
resistance and will. The clandestine life amounting almost to “civil
death” which the applicant had been compelled to adopt was incompatible
with the punishment regime of a democratic society."
Mehmet Tarhan has now been sentenced to 25 months imprisonment. As he
did not present himself to the court, he presently is not in prison. In
addition to the danger of imprisonment following the recent sentence,
Mehmet Tarhan is presently also officially a "deserter" from the Turkish
military, as he was given an order to present himself to his military
unit when he was released from prison on 9 March 2006. The situation of
Mehmet Tarhan amounts exactly to what the ECHR described above, and
called "civil death" - a situation which has not been resolved for Osman
Murat Ülke either.
Mehmet Tarhan's lawyer Suna Coskun appealed against the sentence of the
Sivas Military Court on the same day.
In addition, there are several other cases pending:
1. A lawsuit regarding the imhuman treatment of Mehmet Tarhan in prison.
This case has been postponed to 8 November 2006.
2. A trial against several of Mehmet Tarhan's supporters, who had been
arrested at one of his
trials. The
next hearing in this case will be on 23 November 2006.
3. The case of conscientious objector
Mehmet
Bal is still ongoing, with the next hearing scheduled for 8 March
2007.
4. The case of conscientious objector
Halil
Savda, which had been overruled by the Military Appeals Court in
Ankara. The next hearing is scheduled for 7 December 2006.
War Resisters' International calls for letters of
protest to the Turkish authorities, and Turkish embassies abroad.
- General Staff of the Turkish Military: Fax +90-312-4250813
- Presidency of the Turkish Republic: Fax +90-312-4271330, email cumhurbaskanligi@tccb.gov.tr
- A protest email to the Turkish President Ahmet Nezdet Secer can be sent at http://wri-irg.org/co/alerts/20061017a.html.
War Resisters' International